Creating a note using shortened form When creating your notes, you should provide a complete citation the first time you use a source, and use a shortened form for subsequent notes. This only applies to footnotes or endnotes - in the bibliography you will create one citation for each source you used. Use of ibid. Shortened form for a book First citation 1. Next note, same source, same page 2. The reference begins with, and contains, details of the collection only. If an older manuscript is numbered by signatures or by folios fol.
If you use page numbers, the abbreviations p. If a manuscript collection has identifying series or file numbers, these may be included in a citation. You should cite a publication viewed in microform as per the type of source book, newspaper, etc. This is an example of a historical periodical. If you viewed the piece online, include the URL. For more examples, see the Chicago Manual of Style entry To cite an artwork included as a numbered illustration in another publication, see the Chicago Manual of Style entry The H.
House of Commons Bills are denoted by H. The date represents the parliamentary session and the number is the number of the Bill. To cite and reference the programme for a performance such as a play, dance or concert, use the following example:. The reference is for an authored contribution within the overall performance programme. If you are citing from a verse play, give the act, scene and line s quoted and separated by a full stop.
These include the Bible, Talmud, Koran, Upanishads, and major classical works, such as the ancient Greek and Roman works. If you are quoting a verse or extract, you should include the detail in the text of the edition of the work you are using the first time you cite from it, with the book, and specific details. It is acceptable to use standard abbreviations for works, such as books of the Bible. This format is for when you read a more recent version of an older work, or a paperback version of a previously published hardback.
Use either the proper name of the author where known and the pseudonym in. If not known, just use the Twitter pseudonym. In-text, include the tweet in full in quotation marks, with other details to contextualise the tweet.
Search these Guides Search. Referencing styles - a Practical Guide Chicago. Introduction to Chicago referencing style. In-text citations Chicago uses a footnote citation system. In the text, a number in superscript 1 is added after the information: Hall presents the awkwardness of conversations between a patient and doctor.
First citation: 1. Subsequent citations: 1. Hall, The Coroner , Chicago referencing syle guide A downloadable version of the Chicago style guide.
Guidance for all source types. Formatting for one, two or more authors. This guidance applies to all source types. An Introduction to Indian Philosophy. London: Continuum, The Student's Guide to Writing. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, The Ultimate Study Skills Handbook. Maidenhead: Open University Press, Using Ibid.
The word is used in place of all material on the source that is exactly identical. For example: 1. Emma Smith and Anne Jones. Surrealist Artists London: Easel Books, , Direct quotes. Short quotations: less than three lines of text or two lines of poetry For short quotations, include it as part of your sentence. Maidenhead: Open University Press , Quoting poetry or play scripts.
Barry Day London: Methuen Drama, , 72, lines Coward, Noel. Barry Day, London: Methuen Drama, However, you need to avoid copying out what the author said, word for word. Use of page or line numbers. It is important to give a page number in an intext citation in the following circumstances: when quoting directly when referring to a specific detail in a text for example, a specific theory or idea, an illustration, a table, a set of statistics when giving a paraphrase or summary from a text.
In-text citations with multiple sources. For example: Bedford and Holbeche, Kingsley, and Riley-Smith trace the origins of the Hospitallers to Jerusalem and if not earlier, though hospitals had been founded in the city before then. John of Jerusalem London: F. Robinson, : 2; Rose G. Kingsley, The Order of St. Authors with multiple published works. For example: Horowitz, Anthony.
London: Walker, Smith, Emma. A History of Surrealism. London: National Gallery, Smith, Emma and Anne Jones. Surrealist Artists. London: Easel Books, Joan Miro. No author name or publication date. No author name It is important to use quality sources to support your arguments and so you should consider carefully the value of using any source when you cannot identify its author.
For example: The Georgian Assembly Hall. John, Jeremy. My Poems from the Trenches. London: Knight Books, [? London: Knight Books, n. Citing a source you've read about in a different source secondary referencing. If you must use them, use the following format: Footnote: 1.
Abbott, Colleer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, Chirico, Paul. John Clare and the Imagination of the Reader. Including citations or footnotes in word count.
How footnotes are included in your word count varies depending on departmental practice. Use of URLs in footnotes. Include the full details of the source, concluding the footnote with the URL. Whole website The society was founded in dedicated to promoting interest in the notorious king.
Accessed Aug 2, Use of capital letters in titles. Commonly used sources. Examples of footnote and reference list entries for key source types. Subsequent footnotes: Surname, Title of book OR shortened title , page number if needed. Peck, John, and Martin Coyle. Editor first name Surname Place: Publisher, year , page number if needed. Subsequent footnotes: Author surname, "Chapter title", page number if needed. Marenbon, "The Medievals," Marenbon, John. Oxford: Oxford Universty Press, Beebee, Hitchcock, and Menzies, Handbook of Causation , The Oxford Handbook of Causation.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, Journal paper. Journal paper print copy Footnotes First footnote: First name Surname, "Title of paper", Name of Journal volume, issue number year : page number. Subsequent footnotes: Surname, "Title of paper OR shortened title", page number. Mossman, "Dorothea von Montau," Mossman, Stephen. Morrison, 18 4.
Morrison, Song of Solomon , Diaz, Oscar Wao , Diaz, Morrison, Song of Solomon , Beloved , Morrison, Beloved Different works by the same author would be considered intervening notes. Hemingway, For Whom the Bell Tolls , Fitzgerald, Tender Is the Night , Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered.
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